Programming CNC machines to produce pattern or model components

URN: SEMPAT324
Business Sectors (Suites): Engineering Woodworking, Pattern and Model Making Suite 3
Developed by: Enginuity
Approved on: 28 Feb 2018

Overview

This standard identifies the competencies you need to program a CNC machine tool control to produce components used in the production of patterns, coreboxes or models, and to prove the program, in accordance with approved procedures. You will be required to produce the component program using manual data input, or by use of a remote computer, saving the prepared program on disc/media or downloading it into the machine controller from the computer. You will need to check the program using single-block run and program edit facilities. You will also be required to adjust the machine-tool equipment and program following proving/editing procedures to achieve component specification. You must ensure that any edited programs are saved safely and correctly.

Your responsibilities will require you to comply with organisational policy and procedures for producing, loading and proving the programs, and to report any problems with these activities that you cannot personally resolve, or are outside your permitted authority, to the relevant people. You will be expected to work with minimum supervision, taking personal responsibility for your own actions and for the quality and accuracy of the work that you carry out.

Your underpinning knowledge will provide a good understanding of your work, and will provide an informed approach to applying the machine-tool programming procedures used. You will understand the CNC machine tools used in the process, and their application, and will know about the programming, editing and proving process, in adequate depth to provide a sound basis for carrying out the activities, correcting faults and ensuring the machine controller is set up to produce the components to the required specification.

You will understand the safety precautions required when working on the machine and with the associated tools and equipment. You will be required to demonstrate safe working practices throughout, and will understand the responsibility you owe to yourself and others in the workplace.

Setting workholding devices and tooling is the subject of other standards.


Performance criteria

You must be able to:

  1. work safely at all times, complying with health and safety and other relevant regulations, directives and guidelines
  2. use the correct control program and ensure it is correctly loaded into the machine controller

  3. produce CNC programs using appropriate methods

  4. follow the correct procedures for calling up the program and dealing with any error messages or faults

  5. confirm program integrity
  6. adjust the equipment and program operating parameters to optimise the outcomes to be achieved
  7. load and correctly set up all associated equipment
  8. check that all safety mechanisms are in place and that the equipment is set correctly for the required operations
  9. deal promptly and effectively with problems within your control and report those that cannot be solved

Knowledge and Understanding

You need to know and understand:

  1. the specific safety precautions to be taken when loading and proving CNC machine tool operating programs
  2. how to start and stop the machine in normal and emergency situations
  3. the importance of wearing the appropriate protective clothing and equipment (PPE), and of keeping the work area clean and tidy
  4. the computing coding language used in CNC programs with regard to machine axes, positional information, machine management and auxiliary functions
  5. how to use and extract information from engineering drawings and related specifications (to include symbols and conventions to appropriate BS or ISO standards in relation to work undertaken)
  6. how to interpret first and third angle drawings, imperial and metric systems of measurement, and system of tolerancing
  7. how to interpret CNC drawings, and the use of workpiece zero/reference points
  8. the systems of measurement used on CNC drawing (including absolute and incremental)
  9. the use of repetitive programs and canned cycles to reduce program size and inputting time
  10. how to prepare part programs, using operational sequences and machining techniques which avoid unnecessary tool/cutter movements or tool changes
  11. the function keys and operating system of the machine computer control system being operated
  12. how to set machine datums for each machine axis being used
  13. how to set the machine controller in program and editing modes, and how to enter or download the prepared program
  14. how to deal with error messages and faults on the program or equipment
  15. how to access the program edit facility in order to enter tooling data (such as tool datums, positions, lengths, offsets, radius compensation)
  16. the use of tool posts, magazines and carousels, and how to identify the tools in relationship to the operating program
  17. how to conduct trial runs (using single-block run, dry run and feed and speed override controls)
  18. factors which affect the feeds and speeds that can be used, and why they may need to be adjusted from the program setting (such as condition of material, workholding method, tooling used, tolerance, finish to be achieved)
  19. the items that you need to check before allowing the machine to operate in full program run mode
  20. how to save the completed programs in the appropriate format, and the need to store programs safely and correctly
  21. typical problems that can occur with the programming, loading and editing activities, and what to do if such problems occur
  22. the extent of your own responsibility and whom you should report to if you have problems that you cannot resolve

Scope/range


Scope Performance


1. Ensure that you apply all the following checks and practices during the programming activities:
1.1. the correct component drawings are obtained, and are checked for currency and validity
1.2. the appropriate reference manuals and programming codes are used to suit the machine controller
1.3. the machine controller is made ready to accept the operating program
1.4. the prepared program is inputted/loaded into the controller, safely and correctly
1.5. programs are stored safely and correctly in the appropriate format

2. Prepare, load and prove programs for one of the following types of CNC machine tool:
2.1. two-axis machine
2.2. multiple (five or more) axis machines
2.3. three-axis machine
2.4. machining centres

3. Produce CNC programs using one of the following methods:
3.1. entered direct into the machine controller
3.2. using computer software
 
4. Develop part programs which contain all of the following:
4.1 all necessary positional information
4.2 appropriate letter address codes
4.3 preparatory commands and machine management/auxiliary functions
4.4 repetitive programs (subroutines, canned cycles, labels)
4.5 absolute or incremental systems of measurement
4.6 tool/cutter change positions
4.7 tool information (lengths, offsets, radius compensation)

5.: Prove the part program using six of the following:
5.1 single-block run
5.2 full dry run
5.3 program save/store facilities
5.4 graphic displays
5.5 search facilities
5.6 edit facilities
5.7 program override controls (speed, feed, tool data)
5.8 data input facilities

6. Confirm that the machine and program operates safely and correctly, by checking all of the following:
6.1 all operations are carried out to the program co-ordinates
6.2 tool change positions are safe and clear of the workpiece and machine equipment
6.3 the correct tools are selected at the appropriate points in the program
6.4 tool cutter paths are executed safely and correctly
6.5 auxiliary functions operate at the correct point in the program (such as cutter start/stop, coolant flow)
6.6 programs have been saved in the appropriate format


Scope Knowledge


Values


Behaviours

You will be able to apply the appropriate behaviours required in the workplace to meet the job profile and overall company objectives, such as:

  • strong work ethic
  • positive attitude
  • team player
  • dependability
  • responsibility
  • honesty
  • integrity
  • motivation
  • commitment

Skills


Glossary


Links To Other NOS


External Links


Version Number

2

Indicative Review Date

29 Apr 2021

Validity

Current

Status

Original

Originating Organisation

Semta

Original URN

SEMPAT24

Relevant Occupations

Engineering, Engineering and Manufacturing Technologies, Functional Managers, Managers and Senior Officials

SOC Code

5221

Keywords

engineering; woodworking; pattern making; model making; components; programming; CNC machines; loading data; inputting data; saving; editing