Vacuum forming composite materials

URN: SEMMME234
Business Sectors (Suites): Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering Suite 2
Developed by: Enginuity
Approved: 2026

Overview

This standard identifies the competences you need to vacuum form components, in accordance with approved procedures. You will be required to follow the appropriate instructions, drawings and specifications, to produce the various types of components from thermoplastic sheet, fibre reinforced thermoplastic sheet and structural foam. This will require you to use a range of air circulating ovens, vacuum forming machines, trimming equipment and various types of tooling. The components produced will have a range of features, including male shapes, female shapes, double curvatures and stiffened mouldings.

Your responsibilities will require you to comply with organisational policy and procedures for the vacuum forming activities undertaken, and to report any problems with the vacuum forming activities, equipment, materials or consumables that you cannot personally resolve, or are outside your permitted authority, to the relevant people. You will be expected to work to instructions, with a minimum of supervision, taking personal responsibility for your own actions and for the quality and accuracy of the work that you carry out.

Your underpinning knowledge will be sufficient to provide an understanding of your work, and will provide an informed approach to applying vacuum forming procedures. You will have an understanding of the vacuum forming procedures used, and their application, and will know about the vacuum forming techniques, materials, tooling and consumables used, in adequate depth to provide a sound basis for carrying out the activities, recognising faults and ensuring the work output is to the required specification.

You will understand the safety precautions required when carrying out the vacuum forming operations and when using the associated tools and equipment. You will be required to demonstrate safe working practices throughout, and will understand the responsibility you owe to yourself and others in the workplace.


Performance criteria

You must be able to:

P1    work safely at all times, complying with health and safety and other relevant regulations, directives and guidelines
P2    confirm that the equipment is set up correctly and is ready for use
P3    operate the machine controls in accordance with safe working practices and operational procedures
P4    produce components to the required specification
P5    carry out quality sampling checks at suitable intervals
P6    deal with problems within your control and report those that cannot be solved
P7    shut down the equipment to a safe condition on conclusion of the machining activities
P8    complete and store all relevant documentation in accordance with organisational requirements


Knowledge and Understanding

You need to know and understand:

K1    how to work safely at all times, complying with health and safety and other relevant regulations, directives and guidelines  
K2    the importance of wearing the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), and of keeping the work area clean and tidy 
K3    the application of COSHH regulations in relation to the storage, use and disposal of materials and consumables used in the vacuum forming process
K4    how to extract and use information from engineering drawings, and related specifications in relation to the work undertaken
K5    how to interpret imperial and metric systems of measurement
K6    the methods of sheet trimming and sheet cleaning, prior to forming
K7    the preparation methods and procedures applied to the moulding surface
K8    the identification of the correct male/female mould tooling
K9    the methods and techniques of loading and aligning materials into the mould tooling
K10    the methods and techniques for carrying out the de-moulding procedures
K11    how to recognise vacuum forming defects 
K12    the importance of adhering to the vacuum forming cycle
K13    the quality control procedures to be followed during the vacuum forming operations
K14    the tools and equipment used in the vacuum forming activities, and their care, preparation and control procedures
K15    the issues that can occur with the vacuum forming operations, and how these can be overcome
K16    the production documentation to be completed for the vacuum forming activities undertaken
K17    the extent of your own responsibility and to whom you should report if you have problems that you cannot resolve


Scope/range


Scope Performance

1.    Carry out all of the following during the vacuum forming activities:
1.1    obtain and use the appropriate documentation (such as job instructions, drawings, quality control documentation, material data sheets)
1.2    adhere to procedures or systems in place for risk assessment, personal protective equipment and other relevant safety regulations and procedures to realise a safe system of work
1.3    obtain the correct tools and equipment for the activity and ensure they are safe to use
1.4    use the correct materials and consumables, as specified in the production documentation (such as colour, size, composition)
1.5    apply safe and appropriate vacuum forming techniques and working practices at all times
1.6    keep the work area in a safe and suitable condition

2.    Use two of the following types of equipment:
2.1    air circulating ovens                  
2.2    wood tooling
2.3    vacuum forming machines        
2.4    trimming equipment
2.5    composite tooling
2.6    metal tooling
2.7    other specific equipment

3.    Carry out three of the following operations:
3.1    bubble blowing to minimize webbing
3.2    positioning of robbers
3.3    cleaning tooling
3.4    temperature control 
3.5    trimming techniques
3.6    drying of sheet
3.7    use of intensifiers
3.8    sheet cleaning

4.    Produce a range of components with two of the following features:
4.1    double curvatures
4.2    female shapes
4.3    male shapes   
4.4    stiffened mouldings

5.    Produce a range of components using one the following materials:
5.1    thermoplastic sheet (such as polycarbonate, polysulphone, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, ABS)
5.2    fibre-reinforced thermoplastic sheet
5.3    structural foams (such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymethate)

6.    Produce components which comply with one of the following standards:
6.1    BS, ISO or BSEN standards and procedures
6.2    customer standards and requirements
6.3    organisational standards and procedures
6.4    specific material/vacuum forming requirements


Scope Knowledge


Values


Behaviours


Skills


Glossary


Links To Other NOS


External Links


Version Number

3

Indicative Review Date

2029

Validity

Current

Status

Original

Originating Organisation

Enginuity

Original URN

SEMMME2-34

Relevant Occupations

Engineering, Engineering and Manufacturing Technologies, Engineering Technicians

SOC Code

3113

Keywords

engineering; manufacturing; mechanical; vacuum forming; composite materials; methods; equipment; machines; operations; materials