Apply core land-based engineering principles: calculations

This standard covers the application of core land-based engineering principles: calculations. It includes the units of measurement with conversion factors (which could include area/volume, length/thickness and measurement used in a variety of systems) and the related laws and calculations surrounding these, e.g. Ohm's law, Pascal's law, Newton's law of motion, Boyle’s law, speed, power, torque, velocity, pressure, volume, flow, temperature, area and leverage.

When working with machinery or equipment you should be trained and hold current certification, where required, in accordance with the relevant legislation.

When working on high voltage (hazardous voltage/HaV) electric vehicles, de-energising must be done by a person who has been trained in accordance with the manufacturer’s procedures.

This standard is for those who work in land-based engineering using their initiative in a customer-facing role. It may include mentoring a junior colleague to assist in aspects of service and repair.

Note: in accordance with current regulations, mains electricity work must be carried out by a competent person, usually an electrician.

1. be aware of hazards and assess the risks associated with the activity and the location where it is to be carried out
2. be aware of the potential environmental impact associated with the activity and ways in which this can be controlled
3. select and wear suitable clothing and personal protective equipment (PPE)
4. select, prepare, use, maintain and store the tools and equipment required to carry out the activity in accordance with the relevant legal requirements, manufacturer's instructions and company practices
5. apply ratios and units of measurement to express values in engines, transmissions, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical and machine performance
6. apply conversion factors to convert measurement values from one unit of measurement to another
7. apply core land-based engineering principles to calculate/measure areas, weights, volumes, angles, flow rates, leverage and speeds, as required
8. apply physical and/or theoretical methods to establish measurements
9. verify by calculation the calibration of machinery and equipment
10. calculate measurements from a scale drawing
11. recycle or sustainably dispose of the different types of waste, including hazardous and non-hazardous, caused by the activity, in accordance with the relevant legal and environmental requirements and company policies
12. complete records as required by the relevant legislation, warranty requirements and company procedures

1. how to identify hazards and assess risks when preparing to service and repair land-based equipment
2. the type of clothing and personal protective equipment (PPE) suitable for the activity
3. the tools and equipment required to carry out the activity and how to select, prepare, use, maintain and store these safely and correctly, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and company practices
4. the linear, area, volume, weight and temperature units of measurement and values
5. the units of measurement used to express values in engines, transmissions, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical and machine performance
6. how to use conversion tables and the conversion factors for calculations
7. the mathematical formulas for area, volume, circumference
8. the basic principles of Ohm's law, Newton’s law of motion, Boyle’s law and Pascal’s law and when to apply these
9. the relationship between speed and torque
10. centrifugal force and its applications and effects
11. how to calculate power, torque, force, consumption and application rates
12. the methods and equipment required to carry out different measuring tasks
13. the factors that can distort measurements
14. the methods used to check calibration/application rates
15. power ratings and what they represent
16. the measurement of speed, velocity, acceleration, deceleration and the coefficient of friction
17. how to calculate speed from given ratios and input or output speed
18. the interpretation of scales used in engineering drawings 
19. how to recycle or sustainably dispose of the different types of waste, including hazardous and non-hazardous, caused by the activity, in accordance with the relevant legal and environmental requirements and company policies 
20. the potential impact that the activity could have on the environment and the ways in which this can be controlled
21. the information that needs to be recorded, the company procedure for maintaining records and the requirements of data protection legislation

• measuring tasks e.g. wheel slippage, engine oil consumption, work rates, fuel usage per hectare, noise levels, lift capacities, torque settings, signal strengths
• power ratings e.g. BHP (Brake Horse Power), KW (Kilowatt)
• units of measurement e.g. power, energy, torque, force, specific gravity, pressure, velocity, acceleration, deceleration, reduction ratios, friction, density, flow, resistance, load, current and noise